Mohanadas Karamchad Gandhi
Mohandas
Karamchand Gandhi (2 October 1869-30 January 1948) was an Indian politician and
thinker . He is known by the nickname of Mahatma Gandhi or Mahatma ( the word
Mahatma means " great soul ", comes from the Sanskrit maha forms -
"great" and atma - "soul"). He was one of the fathers of
the independence of the Indian nation and the demise of the British Raj through
the use of non-violence.
Gandhi was born
in Porbandar ( Gujarat state current ), a coastal town in India. He was the son
of the Prime Minister and his family were local caste vaisya ( merchant ). He
studied law at University College London , and worked as a lawyer in Bombay (now Mumbai).
His first works realized in South Africa in 1893. While working for a company
in this country, was interested in the situation of the 150,000 compatriots who
lived and fought against laws that discriminated against Indians in South
Africa through passive resistance and civil disobedience.
He returned to
India in 1915 and in 1921 appeared as the head of the Indian National Congress.
Established new methods of struggle ( strikes and hunger strikes ) , and its
programs rejected the armed struggle and preached non-violence as a means to
resist British rule. Advocated total fidelity to the dictates of conscience,
getting even civil disobedience if necessary ; also struggled to return to the
old Indian traditions. He corresponded with Leo Tolstoy , who influenced his concept
of nonviolent resistance. Highlighted in the March of salt, through a
demonstration against the country which was subject to tax this product. Jailed
several times , soon became a national hero. In 1931 he participated in the
London Conference, which called for the independence of India. He leaned in
favor of the right of the Congress Party and thus had conflicts with his
disciple Nehru, representing the left. In 1942 , London sent as an
intermediary Richard Stafford Cripps to negotiate with the nationalists; but
since it did not find a satisfactory solution, they radicalized their
positions. Gandhi and his wife Kasturba were imprisoned : she died in prison
while he conducted twenty- one days of fasting.
Its moral
influence on the development of the conversations that were prepared the
independence of India was considerable, but the separation of Pakistan deeply
discouraged.
Gandhi tried to
reform Indian society committed to integrate the lowest caste (Sudra or the 'workers',
the outcasts or 'untouchables 'and mlecha or 'barbarians') and to develop rural
areas. Disapproved religious conflict that followed independence of India and
defended Muslims in Indian territory, so he was assassinated by Nathuram Godse,
a fanatic fundamentalist Indian, 30 January 1948 at the age of 78 years. His ashes
were thrown into the Ganges.
Abraham Ortiz 2nD
20 de julio 
